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About Hydraulic Seals
A seal is a ring-shaped component that is designed
to prohibit or limit the leakage of fluid from a device. Various types
of seals are used in applications that have constantly moving equipment,
such as the rotating or reciprocating shafts and cylinders that are an
essential part of hydraulic and pneumatic systems. Devices that use seals
include hydraulic rams and mixers, brake devices, valves, clean
rooms,
conveyors and test equipment. Hydraulic seal manufacturers generally
make their products from are rubber or metal, and in some cases leather
or felt. Some of the rubber materials used to create seals are nitrile,
silicone, natural rubber, butyl and styrene butadiene. Additionally,
quite a few hydraulic seal manufacturers use their own unique materials
that they have specially developed for their products.
Different kinds of hydraulic seals exist for numerous purposes and applications.
Oil seals are common hydraulic seals. They are used to retain oil and
other lubricants in rotary applications and prevent leaks. Many of these
operate with a flexible lip that rubs against the shaft or housing to
provide a tight seal against leakage. Mechanical seals are used in applications
that have a rotating shaft under a state of high pressure, temperature
and speed. These hydraulic seals are used to prohibit fluid leakage for
such mechanisms as agitators, pumps, mixers and cryogenic seals. Hydraulic
seal manufacturers create many products that are application specific
and specially designed to prevent leaks under very particular circumstances.
The distinctive types of sealing positions and directions that are used
for hydraulic and pneumatic seals are axial seal, rod or internal seal,
external or symmetric seal, or piston. The sealing direction is instrumental
for hydraulic seals and pneumatic seals in mechanisms that use axial
movement, such as cylinders and pistons. Because the action may be single
or double, a seal can be used for one or two directions. One of these
types, the rod seal, is radial and is press fitted into the housing bore.
Another, the axial seal, has the function to axially seal an adjoining
housing or other mechanical component.
When purchasing hydraulic seals, there are some important factors to
consider, such as the diameter of the housing bore and the inner or outer
seal, the dimension of the outer shaft and the axial or radial cross
section needed for the application. Also, keep in mind certain operating
parameters like the working temperature, vacuum rating and highest working
speed and pressure. There are many types of hydraulic seals for different
uses in industries. Some of the particular industries that make use of
these seals include medical and pharmaceutical, waste disposal, aerospace,
marine, food and chemical processing, automotive, military, nuclear and
pulp and paper mills.
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Types of Hydraulic Seals
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are seals that are designed to reduce the effects of hydraulic pressure
in the seal compartment.
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use a formed or welded bellows to supply a secondary sealing and spring
loading.
- uniformly seal in response to pressure from both directions.
Bidirectional pressure seals are also known as "double balanced
seals" or "reversible balanced seals."
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stop leakage past components that are in relative motion.
- are
a type of bearing seal used in place of oil seals to supply greater
reliability.
- are
versatile and high-performance seals used for uniform, low-pressure
sealing.
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prohibit fluid leakage around the rotating shaft in a state of extreme
pressure, temperature and shaft speed. Typical uses for mechanical seals
are for agitators, pumps, mixers and cryogenic seals.
- are available in a wide variety of sizes, all measured in metric units.
- are seals with flexible lips that when placed to a housing
or shaft prohibit the escape of fluids or prevent contaminants from
entering. Certain grease and oil seals are equipped with a spring to
aid in maintaining contact of the seal with the shaft.
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are sealing rings that have a circular cross section that is either
solid or hollow. O-ring
seals are used as secondary seals for many mechanical seals.
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are seals that are made from rubber materials, such as nitrile, viton,
natural rubber and hypalon, among others.
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are seals that have been made from Teflon® or are coated with Teflon®.
Teflon® is a plastic
material that supplies improved lubrication properties, resistance
to wear and added strength.
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